國家衛生研究院 NHRI:Item 3990099045/9826

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Title:	Viruses and human cancers: Pathogenesis and therapeutic implication
Authors:	Su, IJ;Chang, Y;Yu, G;Sia, CDY
Contributors:	Division of Infectious Diseases;Division of Vaccine Research and Development
Abstract:	Viruses can contribute to the development of several human cancers. 1 Among them, malignant lymphoma is the human cancer most frequently associated with oncogenic viruses. 2,3 The association of viruses with human cancers can be traced back to 1960 when Denis Burkitt first noted the prevalence of a unique tumor involving the jaw and/or abdomen of African children. 2 The African Burkitt lymphoma (BL) was later identified to be closely associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). Following BL, EBV was later found to be associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which is most prevalent in Hong Kong Cantonese. 4 EBV was later found to cause post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, 5 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 6 and T‐cell and nasal NK/T‐cell lymphoma. 7,8 The ubiquitous EBV has been linked to a spectrum of epithelial malignancies and the smooth muscle tumor in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, 9 raising the possibility of a passenger role for EBV with these malignancies. Other members of DNA viruses were later found to be associated with human cancers (Table 6.1). The hepatitis B virus (HBV) was established to cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), representing the first example of human virus‐associated cancer controllable by vaccination. 10,11 Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) were found to be associated with cervical cancer and recently head and neck cancers 12,13 and is the second human cancer potentially controllable by vaccination. The vaccination program in the control of virusassociated human cancers represents a big success in the battle against human cancers. In 2000, Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) or human herpes virus (HHV‐8) was found to cause Kaposi sarcoma in either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive or HIV‐negative individuals. 14,15 Besides DNA viruses, RNA viruses were later found to be associated with adult T‐cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) in southern Japan and the Caribbean regions. 16,17 In 1988, hepatitis C virus (HCV) was found to be the cause of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis and was closely related to the development of HCC. 18,19 Overall, the virusassociated cancers account for about 15% of human cancers, but are much prevalent in the Asia‐Pacific regions. 1 Although several other viruses such as polyomaviruses, herpes simplex virus, and adenovirus can exert transforming properties, the linkage to human cancers is loose and will not be discussed in this review.
Date:	2012-12
Relation:	Principles of Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Cancer Medicine. 2012 Dec;Chapter 6:56-67.
Link to:	http://www.lww.com/Product/9781451131970
Cited Times(Scopus):	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84973890053
Appears in Collections:	[Ih-Jen Su(2002-2015)] Books/Book Section [Yao Chang] Books/Book Section [Charles Dwo-Yuan Sia(2006-2014)] Books/Book Section

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