Polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) have both been used for DNA delivery. PDMAEMA has been shown to exhibit better gene transfection efficiency but lower expression ability than PEI. We mixed the two polymers at different ratios to investigate whether the resulting "dual" polyplex (PEI/PDMAEMA/DNA) could enhance both gene transfection efficiency and DNA expression ability. Experimental results showed a significant increase in DNA internalization and DNA expression for the PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA polyplexes at a ratio of 1:3 or 1:9 (PDMAEMA: PEI), depending on cell type, in comparison with PEI/DNA, PDMAEMA/DNA, and PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA at other ratios. PDMAEMA/PEI/DNA polyplexes did not reduce cell viability. In contrast to with the conventional approach using covalently modified PEI, the proposed "combination" approach provided a more convenient and effective way to improve transgene expression efficiency.
