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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://ir.nhri.org.tw/handle/3990099045/5854


    Title: Androgen suppresses proliferation of castration-resistant LNCaP 104-R2 prostate cancer cells through androgen receptor, Skp2, and c-Myc
    Authors: Chuu, CP;Kokontis, JM;Hiipakka, RA;Fukuchi, J;Lin, HP;Lin, CY;Huo, C;Su, LC;Liao, S
    Contributors: Institute of Cellular and Systems Medicine;National Institute of Cancer Research
    Abstract: Androgen ablation therapy is the primary treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. However, this therapy is associated with several undesired side-effects, including increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. To study if termination of long-term androgen ablation and restoring testosterone level may suppress the growth of relapsed hormone-refractory prostate tumors, we implanted testosterone pellets in castrated nude mice carrying androgen receptor (AR)-positive LNCaP 104-R2 cells, which relapsed from androgen-dependent LNCaP 104-S cells after long-term androgen deprivation. 104-R2 tumor xenografts regressed after testosterone pellets implant. 24 out of 33 tumors adapted to elevation of testosterone level and relapsed as androgen-insensitive tumors. Relapsed tumors (R2Ad) expressed less AR and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). We then study the molecular mechanism lying underneath the androgenic regulation of prostate cancer cell proliferation. Androgen suppresses proliferation of 104-R2 by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest via reduction of Skp2 and c-Myc, and induction of p27(Kip1) . 104-R2 cells adapted to androgen treatment and the adapted cells, R2Ad, were androgen-insensitive cells with slower growing rate and low protein level of AR, high levels of c-Myc and Skp2, and low levels of p27(Kip1) . Nuclear AR and PSA expression is present in 104-R2 cells but not R2Ad cells when androgen is absent. Overexpression of AR in R2Ad cells regenerated an androgen-repressed phenotype, while knockdown of AR in 104-R2 cells generated an androgen-insensitive phenotype. Overexpression of Skp2 and c-Myc in 104-R2 cells blocked the growth inhibition caused by androgens. We concluded that androgens cause growth inhibition in LNCaP 104-R2 prostate cancer cells via AR, Skp2, and c-Myc.
    Date: 2011-11
    Relation: Cancer Science. 2011 Nov;102(11):2022-2028.
    Link to: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02043.x
    JIF/Ranking 2023: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=NHRI&SrcApp=NHRI_IR&KeyISSN=1347-9032&DestApp=IC2JCR
    Cited Times(WOS): https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000296910100013
    Cited Times(Scopus): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=80052722725
    Appears in Collections:[褚志斌] 期刊論文
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