國家衛生研究院 NHRI:Item 3990099045/2418

NHRI > National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences > Kuen-Yuh Wu(2001-2008) > Periodical Articles > Item 3990099045/2418

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://ir.nhri.org.tw/handle/3990099045/2418

Title:	A new approach to estimating the volatilization rates of shower water-contained volatile organic compounds during showering
Authors:	Chen, MJ;Wu, KY;Chang, L
Contributors:	Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
Abstract:	A mathematical hybrid-showering model was developed in order to describe the dynamic behaviour of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contained in shower water during personal showering. The approach involves assuming a two-film theory and taking into account the dual flow patterns of "jet" and "spray" from a showerhead in order to estimate the emission of VOCs from tap water to air. The liquid-phase mass-transfer coefficients corresponding to both flow patterns and the gas-phase mass-transfer coefficient for spray droplets are estimated using the penetration theory, while the gas-phase mass-transfer coefficient for a jet-flow stream is calculated using an analogous empirical correlation. Literature-derived data were used to test the validity of the hybrid-showering model and a good correlation between literature-derived and calculated data was obtained. This study confirms the usefulness of the hybrid-showering modelling approach as regards the risk assessment of personal showering. Moreover, our simulated findings indicated that the jet-flow type showerhead should be more beneficial than the spray type showerhead as regards being associated with a lower VOC exposure risk. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:	Environmental Sciences;Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Date:	2003-10
Relation:	Atmospheric Environment. 2003 Oct;37(31):4325-4333.
Link to:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00578-8
JIF/Ranking 2023:	http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=NHRI&SrcApp=NHRI_IR&KeyISSN=1352-2310&DestApp=IC2JCR
Cited Times(WOS):	https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000185433400001
Cited Times(Scopus):	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=0042885474
Appears in Collections:	[Kuen-Yuh Wu(2001-2008)] Periodical Articles [Louis W. Chang(1999-2009)] Periodical Articles

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