Objectives. This study assessed cigarette consumption and its main determinants in rural China. Methods. A logistic regression model was used to analyze status of smoking, daily amount of smoking, and expense of cigarettes in rural China. Results. Approximately 57.1% of the males and 3.1% of the females were current smokers. The daily amount of smoking among smokers was 15.23 cigarettes, and their annual expenses were 227 yuan. Conclusions. People in rural China consume fewer cigarettes and are less likely to smoke than those in urban areas. Education and occupation are 2 major factors that determine the likelihood of smoking in rural China.