The rise of obesity and associated fatal diseases hastaken a massivetoll worldwide. Despite the existing pharmaceuticals and bariatricsurgeries, these approaches manifest limited efficacy or accompanyvarious side effects. Therefore, researchers seek to facilitate theprolonged and specific delivery of therapeutics. Or else, to mimicthe essential part of "gastric bypass" by physicallyblocking excessive absorption via less invasive methods. To achievethese goals, polymeric biomaterials have gained tremendous interestrecently. They are known for synthesizing hydrogels, microneedle patches,mucoadhesive coatings, polymer conjugates, and so forth. In this Review,we provide insights into the current studies of polymeric biomaterialsin the prevention and treatment of obesity, inspiring future improvementsin this regime of study.